Nepticulidae |
Early mine in midrib, in leaf for last instar [7-11] |
Ectoedemia
intimella 25 |
All mine in leaf blade – Sallow
[6-7+9-11]
|
Stigmella
salicis 68 |
All mine in leaf blade - Willows [6-7+9-10] |
Stigmella
obliquella 70 |
Gracillariidae |
1 |
Mine
small, about 8mm, tentiform; larva feeding later in a folded
leaf or cone |
2 |
|
Mine
over 15mm, tentiform ; larva mines throughout |
3 |
|
Mine
otherwise |
9 |
2 |
Rare
mountain species, larva feeds later in a folded leaf [7-8] |
Callisto
coffeella 310a |
|
Common
widespread species; larva feeds later in a cone [7-9] |
Caloptilia
stigmatella 288 |
3 |
Mine
on Creeping Willow (Salix repens) [7+9-10] |
Phyllonorycter
quinqueguttella 348 |
|
Mine
on other willow species |
4 |
4 |
Mine
on smooth-leaved willow species |
5 |
|
Mine
on rough-leaved willow species |
7 |
5 |
Mine
only on Osier (Salix viminalis); mine long and narrow, often
near petiole; pupa naked in mine without a cocoon [7+9-10] |
Phyllonorycter
viminetorum 334 |
|
Mine on various species of smooth-leaved willow |
6 |
6 |
Mine
on Osier, White Willow (Salix alba), Crack Willow (Salix fragilis)
and occasionally other species; pupa in a cocoon [6-7+9-10] |
Phyllonorycter
viminiella 333 |
Mine on underside with crease along lower epidermis,
often extending from mid-rib to leaf edge, pupa in a flimsy cocoon
with frass piled
at opposite end [8-10]…………..316a |
Phyllonorycter
pastorella 316a |
7 |
Cocoon
white or yellow and loosely woven [7+9-10] |
Phyllonorycter
salicicolella 335 |
Cocoon
golden or light golden brown and strongly constructed |
8 |
8 |
Outline
of cocoon visible from outside the mine [7+9-10] |
Phyllonorycter
hilarella 337 |
Outline
of cocoon not or hardly visible from outside the mine [7+9-10] |
Phyllonorycter
dubitella 336 |
|
N.B.
Although the above key indicates which species of Phyllonorycter
is most likely to be found on a given foodplant it is not conclusive.
The characteristics of some mines vary and it is not certain
as to the exact variety of willow that some Phyllonorycter species
feed on, so to be certain of an identification it may be necessary
to breed through to adult. |
9 |
Mine
starting in a leaf making an epidermal gallery |
10 |
|
Mine
starting in a stem of current year’s growth
|
11 |
10 |
Mine
starts as an epidermal gallery on the side the egg was laid,
frass in broad central line. Larva then mines petiole and into
twig and finally back into leaf. Mine usually ends at leaf margin
where larva pupates under a membrane [6+8-9] |
Phyllocnistis
saligna 367 |
11 |
Mine
along stem, long, up to 30cm. At first greenish ochreous turning
white with age, finally ending up in the petiole of a leaf, where
a cocoon is spun at the base of the leaf. May have two or three
cocoons on a single leaf. Usually on Grey Willow, but has been
found on Sallow |
Phyllocnistis
ramulicola 367a |
|
(New
to science in 2006, life cycle uncertain, so far only found in
Hampshire, England and Portugal). |
|
|
|
|