Food Plant: Geum rivale (Water avens) and other Geum species Elsewhere: Rubus fruticosus (Bramble), R.caesius (Dewberry), R.idaeus (Raspberry), R.macrophyllus (Bramble)

Egg: Upper leaf surface

Mine: September-November

Notes: First discovered in Scotland in 1990. It occurs at least as low as 50m in damp, shady riparian Birch and Alder woodland in Sutherland. The initial mine often follows the vein and then broadens gradually later, with dispersed frass and clear margins. The initial gallery has frass in an interupted black line.

Data: 20.xi.2020, Maspie Den, Fife, VC85

Image:© Nigel Voaden