Food Plant: Ranunculus spp.(Buttercup), especially R.acris (Meadow Buttercup) and R.repens (Creeping Buttercup)

Mine: Several generations throughout the year. Mines may be found even in winter and under snow! (Spencer, 1976)

Notes: The frass, in the long upper-surface white corridor, look like strings of pearls (as shown). P.ranunculivora makes similar long linear mines but in this species the frass grains are separate. Pupation is external.

Data: 31.xii.2017, Downham Market, Norfolk, VC28

Image:© Rob Edmunds